Thirukkural · பொருட்பால் · அமைச்சியல்
அவை அறிதல்: The Knowledge of the Council Chamber
About this chapter
அவை அறிதல், the knowledge of the council chamber, is about judging an audience before speaking to it. Good words, spoken to the wrong people or at the wrong moment, are wasted.
Kurals 711 and 712 give the rule: understand the assembly, choose the occasion, then speak. Kural 713 says that those who speak without knowing the assembly do not really know the ways of speech. Kural 714 offers two contrasting images: shine before the bright, and be plain, like white mortar, before the dull. Kurals 715 and 716 are about humility before the learned. The best quality is the restraint of not speaking first before elders, and a slip in front of the well-read is like stumbling on the road. Kural 717 says that learning shines in an assembly that can weigh words. Kurals 718 to 720 end with images of waste: speaking to those who already understand is like watering a growing crop, a good speaker should not offer good words to a low assembly even by oversight (Kural 719), and speaking before the unfit is like nectar spilled into a drain (Kural 720).
Kural 715 is the one to carry away, for the way it ranks restraint. Kural 718 is the most practical, since it reminds the speaker to fit the talk to the listener.
For the syllabus, it fits universal values and everyday life as a lesson in communication.
The 10 kurals of அவை அறிதல்
Each kural is shown in Tamil with a transliteration and G. U. Pope's English verse translation. Open a kural for its plain English meaning.
அவையறிநது ஆராய்ந்து சொல்லுக சொல்லின்
தொகையறிந்த தூய்மை யவர்.
Avaiyarinadhu Aaraaindhu Solluka Sollin
Thokaiyarindha Thooimai Yavar
Men pure in heart, who know of words the varied force, Should to their audience known adapt their well-arranged discourse
இடைதெரிந்து நன்குணர்ந்து சொல்லுக சொல்லின்
நடைதெரிந்த நன்மை யவர்.
Itaidherindhu Nankunarndhu Solluka Sollin
Nataidherindha Nanmai Yavar
Good men to whom the arts of eloquence are known, Should seek occasion meet, and say what well they've made their own
அவையறியார் சொல்லல்மேற் கொள்பவர் சொல்லின்
வகையறியார் வல்லதூஉம் இல்.
Avaiyariyaar Sollalmer Kolpavar Sollin
Vakaiyariyaar Valladhooum Il
Unversed in councils, who essays to speakKnows not the way of suasive words,- and all is weak
ஒளியார்முன் ஒள்ளிய ராதல் வெளியார்முன்
வான்சுதை வண்ணம் கொளல்.
Oliyaarmun Olliya Raadhal Veliyaarmun
Vaansudhai Vannam Kolal
Before the bright ones shine as doth the lightBefore the dull ones be as purest stucco white
நன்றென்ற வற்றுள்ளும் நன்றே முதுவருள்
முந்து கிளவாச் செறிவு.
Nandrendra Vatrullum Nandre Mudhuvarul
Mundhu Kilavaach Cherivu
Midst all good things the best is modest grace, That speaks not first before the elders' face
ஆற்றின் நிலைதளர்ந் தற்றே வியன்புலம்
ஏற்றுணர்வார் முன்னர் இழுக்கு.
Aatrin Nilaidhalarn Thatre Viyanpulam
Etrunarvaar Munnar Izhukku
As in the way one tottering falls, is slip beforeThe men whose minds are filled with varied lore
கற்றறிந்தார் கல்வி விளங்கும் கசடறச்
சொல்தெரிதல் வல்லார் அகத்து.
Katrarindhaar Kalvi Vilangum Kasatarach
Choldheridhal Vallaar Akaththu
The learning of the learned sage shines brightTo those whose faultless skill can value it aright
உணர்வ துடையார்முன் சொல்லல் வளர்வதன்
பாத்தியுள் நீர்சொரிந் தற்று.
Unarva Thutaiyaarmun Sollal Valarvadhan
Paaththiyul Neersorin Thatru
To speak where understanding hearers you obtain, Is sprinkling water on the fields of growing grain
புல்லவையுள் பொச்சாந்தும் சொல்லற்க நல்லவையுள்
நன்குசலச் சொல்லு வார்.
Pullavaiyul Pochchaandhum Sollarka Nallavaiyul
Nankusalach Chollu Vaar
In councils of the good, who speak good things with penetrating power, In councils of the mean, let them say nought, e'en in oblivious hour
அங்கணத்துள் உக்க அமிழ்தற்றால் தங்கணத்தார்
அல்லார்முன் கோட்டி கொளல்.
Anganaththul Ukka Amizhdhatraal Thanganaththaar
Allaarmun Kotti Kolal
Ambrosia in the sewer spilt, is wordSpoken in presence of the alien herd
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