Practice tests · NEET

NEET Plant Kingdom: 5 practice MCQs with answers

By the PrepMatic team · Updated 9 Oct 2026 · 3 min read

Plant Kingdom classifies plants into algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms, and its questions are mostly exact NCERT facts: pigments, examples, life cycles and plant parts. The five MCQs below cover brown algae, the dominant phase in bryophytes, Cycas roots, the ploidy of endosperm and the source of agar.

What this chapter covers in the NEET syllabus

Plant Kingdom is part of the NMC unit Diversity in Living World and is the Class 11 NCERT chapter of the same name. The topics are:

• Systems of classification and the major plant groups.
• Algae: green, brown and red, with their pigments, reserve food and examples.
• Bryophytes (liverworts and mosses) and pteridophytes.
• Gymnosperms, such as Cycas and Pinus, and angiosperms.
• Plant life cycles: haplontic, diplontic and haplo-diplontic, and alternation of generations.

Five practice MCQs on the Plant Kingdom

Question 1

The brown colour of brown algae is due to the pigment:

• A. phycoerythrin
• B. fucoxanthin
• C. chlorophyll b
• D. phycocyanin

Question 2

In bryophytes, the dominant and independent phase of the life cycle is the:

• A. sporophyte
• B. protonema only
• C. zygote
• D. gametophyte

Question 3

The coralloid roots of Cycas are associated with:

• A. nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria
• B. Rhizobium
• C. mycorrhizal fungi
• D. parasitic nematodes

Question 4

The endosperm in a typical angiosperm is:

• A. haploid
• B. diploid
• C. triploid
• D. tetraploid

Question 5

Agar, used to grow microbes in the laboratory, is obtained from:

• A. Laminaria
• B. Gelidium
• C. Fucus
• D. Chlorella

Answers and explanations

1. B. Brown algae contain chlorophyll a, chlorophyll c and the brown pigment fucoxanthin. Phycoerythrin is the main pigment of red algae, and phycocyanin is found in cyanobacteria. Chlorophyll b is in green algae and land plants.
2. D. In bryophytes the main plant body is the haploid gametophyte, and the sporophyte is attached to it and depends on it for nutrition. In pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms the sporophyte dominates.
3. A. Coralloid roots of Cycas are small, branched roots that host nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria such as Anabaena. Rhizobium is associated with legume root nodules, and mycorrhiza with roots of Pinus.
4. C. In angiosperms, double fertilisation produces a triploid primary endosperm nucleus (one male gamete plus two polar nuclei), which grows into the triploid endosperm. In gymnosperms the endosperm is haploid female gametophyte tissue.
5. B. Agar comes from red algae such as Gelidium and Gracilaria. Algin and iodine come from brown algae such as Laminaria, and Chlorella is a unicellular green alga used as food supplement and in space research.

How to prepare the Plant Kingdom

• Make a master table with five columns. Group, example genera, main pigments or key features, dominant generation, and economic importance. This one table answers most questions in the chapter.
• Learn the life cycles by drawing them. Draw haplontic (most green algae), diplontic (gymnosperms, angiosperms and some algae like Fucus) and haplo-diplontic (bryophytes, pteridophytes and some algae) patterns, marking where meiosis occurs.
• Memorise algae details: pigments, reserve food (starch, laminarin, mannitol, floridean starch) and examples (Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra, Laminaria, Sargassum, Polysiphonia). Colour, pigment and food form one set of facts.
• Use NCERT diagrams for the structure of reproductive parts. Marchantia (gemma cups), Funaria, Selaginella, Pinus and Cycas appear often, and each has a few standard labels.
• Compare groups on whether they have seeds, vascular tissue, motile gametes and water-dependent fertilisation.

Plan two reading passes and a table revision a week later. The overall order of Biology chapters is in the NEET Biology preparation guide, and the unit list is in the NEET syllabus.

Take a full Plant Kingdom test on PrepMatic

For Tamil-medium students, PrepMatic lets you choose Tamil as your exam language, so you can practise this chapter's many names and terms in the language you studied in. A topic test is about 15 questions in 30 minutes with NEET's negative marking, and the free Basic plan includes topic tests. More chapters are on the practice hub.

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