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Pie chart data interpretation practice for bank exams
A pie chart splits a total into sectors, each drawn as an angle. The whole circle is 360°, so 1% is 3.6° and 25% is 90°. Pie chart DI sets often use two charts together: one for the amount, one for a related quantity, so that you must combine them. The set below is hypothetical, and the share of each sector is given in a table, so you can read every value without a picture.
The data set
A bank has a loan book of ₹4,800 crore spread over five sectors. Its non-performing assets (NPAs) total ₹300 crore. The table gives each sector's share of the loans (first pie chart) and of the NPAs (second pie chart).
| Sector | Share of loans (%) | Share of NPAs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Home | 30 | 10 |
| Agriculture | 20 | 40 |
| MSME | 25 | 30 |
| Personal | 15 | 15 |
| Education | 10 | 5 |
Five practice questions
Question 1
How much of the loan book, in ₹ crore, is in MSME loans?
- A. 960
- B. 1,080
- C. 1,200
- D. 1,440
Question 2
What is the central angle of the Agriculture sector in the loans pie chart?
- A. 72°
- B. 80°
- C. 90°
- D. 108°
Question 3
What is the NPA amount in Agriculture as a percentage of the loans in Agriculture?
- A. 10%
- B. 12.5%
- C. 15%
- D. 40%
Question 4
Which sector has the lowest ratio of NPAs to its own loans?
- A. Education
- B. MSME
- C. Personal
- D. Home
Question 5
What is the bank's overall NPA ratio, that is, total NPAs as a percentage of the total loan book?
- A. 5.25%
- B. 5.5%
- C. 6.25%
- D. 6.5%
Answers and explanations
- C. MSME is 25% of ₹4,800 crore, which is 4,800 ÷ 4 = ₹1,200 crore.
- A. Agriculture is 20% of the loans. The angle is 20% of 360° = 72°.
- B. Agriculture loans are 20% of 4,800 = ₹960 crore. Agriculture NPAs are 40% of 300 = ₹120 crore. So 120 ÷ 960 = 12.5%. The option 40% is Agriculture's share of NPAs, not its ratio.
- D. The NPA amounts are Home 30, Agriculture 120, MSME 90, Personal 45 and Education 15 (₹ crore). The loan amounts are 1,440, 960, 1,200, 720 and 480. The ratios are 2.08%, 12.5%, 7.5%, 6.25% and 3.125%. Home is the lowest. Education has the smallest NPA amount, but not the smallest ratio.
- C. The overall ratio is 300 ÷ 4,800 × 100 = 6.25%.
How to prepare pie chart DI
- Convert angles and percentages quickly. Learn that 10% is 36°, 12.5% is 45°, 25% is 90° and 1% is 3.6°. Some charts give degrees rather than percentages.
- Turn the chart into a table first. Write each sector's share, then each sector's amount. In two-pie sets, a table with one row per sector keeps you organised.
- Do not confuse share with ratio. A sector's share of NPAs is not its NPA ratio. Always divide by that sector's own base (Questions 3 and 4).
- Check that shares add to 100%. If they do not, you misread a sector.
- Use fractions for easy percentages. 25% is one-quarter and 12.5% is one-eighth, as in Questions 1 and 3.
- Plan for the long question. A comparison across two pies needs two multiplications and a division, so do it only after the quicker questions in a set.
Allow six to seven minutes for a five-question set. If you need more practice with the underlying calculations, revisit percentage, then try a caselet DI set where the data is in words.
The full pie chart DI topic test is on PrepMatic (about 15 questions, 30 minutes). The data interpretation guide covers all set types, and the bank exam hub links each exam's pattern.
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