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NEET Biomolecules (Biology): 5 practice MCQs with answers

By the PrepMatic team · Updated 9 Oct 2026 · 3 min read

Biomolecules in Class 11 Biology covers the chemistry of living cells: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and enzymes. The questions are factual and come from NCERT lines and tables. The five MCQs below test the most abundant protein, competitive inhibition, the bond in nucleic acids, prosthetic groups and storage polysaccharides. The Chemistry chapter of the same name is covered on NEET Biomolecules (Chemistry).

What this chapter covers in the NEET syllabus

Biomolecules sits within the NMC unit Cell Structure and Function, and is the Class 11 NCERT chapter Biomolecules. The topics are:

• How to analyse chemical composition, and the primary and secondary metabolites.
• Amino acids and proteins, and the levels of protein structure.
• Carbohydrates and polysaccharides, lipids, and the structure of nucleic acids.
• Enzymes: nature, mechanism of action, factors affecting activity, inhibition, and the classification of enzymes.
• Cofactors: prosthetic groups, coenzymes and metal ions.

Five practice MCQs on Biomolecules

Question 1

The most abundant protein in the whole biosphere is:

• A. RuBisCO
• B. collagen
• C. insulin
• D. haemoglobin

Question 2

Malonate inhibits the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase because it:

• A. denatures the enzyme
• B. resembles the substrate and competes for the active site
• C. binds to a site away from the active site
• D. acts as a coenzyme

Question 3

Nucleotides in a polynucleotide chain are joined together by:

• A. phosphodiester bonds
• B. peptide bonds
• C. glycosidic bonds between two sugars
• D. hydrogen bonds

Question 4

In the enzyme catalase, the haem group tightly bound to the protein part is an example of a:

• A. coenzyme
• B. metal ion cofactor
• C. prosthetic group
• D. substrate

Question 5

The storage polysaccharide in animals is:

• A. cellulose
• B. starch
• C. inulin
• D. glycogen

Answers and explanations

1. A. RuBisCO, the carboxylating enzyme of photosynthesis, is the most abundant protein on Earth. Collagen is the most abundant protein in the animal world. Haemoglobin and insulin are well known but far less abundant.
2. B. Malonate looks like succinate, the natural substrate, and competes for the same active site. This is competitive inhibition, and it can be overcome by raising the substrate concentration. Non-competitive inhibitors bind elsewhere.
3. A. In DNA and RNA, the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide's sugar is joined to the 5' phosphate of the next through a phosphodiester bond. Peptide bonds join amino acids, and hydrogen bonds hold the two strands together.
4. C. A prosthetic group is an organic cofactor bound tightly to the apoenzyme, like haem in catalase and peroxidase. Coenzymes such as NAD are only loosely associated and are needed only transiently during catalysis.
5. D. Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in animals, mainly in liver and muscle. Plants store starch, cellulose is a structural polysaccharide in the plant cell wall, and inulin is a storage polymer of fructose in some plants.

How to prepare Biomolecules

• Build a comparison table for each class. Monomer, polymer, bond, examples and function for carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Add the exceptions: glycine as the simplest amino acid, lecithin as a phospholipid, and so on.
• Understand enzyme basics well. The active site, the induced-fit idea, the effect of temperature, pH and substrate concentration, and the types of inhibition. Learn how enzymes lower activation energy and why a graph of rate against substrate concentration flattens.
• Memorise the six enzyme classes (oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, ligases) with one example reaction type for each.
• Learn nucleic acid basics: the three parts of a nucleotide, how DNA differs from RNA, and the base pairing rules. The double helix itself is covered in the Molecular Basis of Inheritance chapter.
• Revise biomolecules with Chemistry in mind. The Biology chapter focuses on function, while the Chemistry chapter covers structure, and using both gives the full picture.

A short daily revision of the tables for a week is enough, since the chapter is mostly facts. See the NEET Biology preparation guide for planning and NCERT for NEET for the reading approach.

Take a full Biomolecules (Biology) test on PrepMatic

If you keep short notes on enzymes and macromolecules, PrepMatic can generate a mock from notes you upload. Standard topic tests (about 15 questions in 30 minutes) are also available, and both use NEET's negative marking. See the practice hub for other chapters.

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